What stage is nasopharyngeal cancer with metastatic lymph nodes?

In general, lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma is mostly classified as stage II–IV. The specific staging must be determined based on the location, number, size of metastatic lymph nodes, and whether surrounding tissues are involved; it cannot be determined solely by the presence of lymph node metastasis. A detailed analysis is as follows:

The staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma follows the TNM system, with lymph node metastasis corresponding to the N category. If there is only a single metastatic lymph node on one side of the neck, measuring ≤3 cm in diameter and without extracapsular extension, the disease is usually classified as stage II. If there are multiple metastatic lesions on the same side of the neck, or if the lymph node measures 3–6 cm in diameter, or shows evidence of extracapsular invasion, it is typically categorized as stage III.

When metastatic lymph nodes exceed 6 cm in diameter, or when bilateral cervical or supraclavicular lymph node involvement occurs, or when adjacent structures such as blood vessels or muscles are invaded, the condition is generally classified as stage IV. If distant metastases—such as those in the lungs or liver—are present, the cancer is classified as stage IV regardless of the extent of lymph node involvement. Staging should be comprehensively evaluated through pathological biopsy and imaging studies.

After diagnosis, patients should actively cooperate with standardized treatment protocols. Regular follow-up examinations, including neck ultrasound, CT scans, and others, are necessary to monitor changes in lymph nodes. Maintaining a regular lifestyle, avoiding excessive fatigue, and enhancing immune function through balanced nutrition and appropriate exercise are also important for daily management.