What causes Eustachian tube pain?

Generally, pain in the Eustachian tube may be caused by pressure changes during flying or diving, excessive vocal strain, acute rhinitis complicated with Eustachian tube inflammation, secretory otitis media, or Eustachian tube dysfunction. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Pressure change stimulation: During flight or diving, rapid changes in air pressure can prevent the Eustachian tube from adjusting pressure in time, leading to eardrum compression and pain. In such cases, swallowing or chewing movements, or pinching the nose and blowing gently with the mouth closed (Valsalva maneuver), can help open the Eustachian tube and equalize pressure.

2. Excessive vocal strain: Prolonged loud talking or shouting can cause congestion and swelling in the throat, affecting the opening of the Eustachian tube and causing pain. Immediately stop overusing the voice, drink plenty of warm water to soothe the throat, avoid spicy or irritating foods, and consider sucking on non-irritating throat lozenges to relieve discomfort.

3. Acute rhinitis complicated with Eustachian tube inflammation: Rhinitis increases nasal secretions, allowing bacteria or viruses to spread to the Eustachian tube and trigger inflammation, resulting in pain accompanied by nasal congestion. Patients may use medications such as mometasone furoate nasal spray, cefixime dispersible tablets, or pseudoephedrine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets as directed by a physician.

4. Secretory otitis media: Blockage of the Eustachian tube leads to fluid accumulation in the middle ear, increasing pressure and stimulating the tube, causing pain along with ear fullness and hearing loss. Medications such as eucalyptus oil and pinene enteric-coated soft capsules, amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium tablets, or dexamethasone tablets may be used under medical supervision.

5. Eustachian tube dysfunction: Abnormal opening or closing of the Eustachian tube results in chronic poor ventilation, causing pain and predisposing to recurrent infections. When drug therapy fails, balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube may be performed to expand the tube, improve ventilation, and alleviate pain and functional abnormalities.

In daily life, maintain warmth to prevent colds. Avoid forceful nose-blowing when having a cold to prevent secretions from entering the Eustachian tube. Maintain good oral hygiene by rinsing the mouth after meals to reduce the risk of throat infections. Avoid frequent exposure to environments with significant pressure changes and take appropriate protective measures.