What causes reflux laryngitis?

Reflux laryngitis is primarily caused by lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction, excessive gastric acid secretion, delayed gastric emptying, unhealthy lifestyle habits, and anatomical abnormalities. The core trigger is the irritation of the larynx by refluxed gastric acid and stomach contents. If symptoms such as a sensation of a foreign body in the throat or burning discomfort persist for more than two weeks, especially accompanied by acid regurgitation and heartburn, prompt medical attention is recommended.

1. Lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction: When the lower esophageal sphincter becomes relaxed or lacks sufficient tone, it fails to effectively prevent gastric contents from flowing back. This allows gastric acid and pepsin to easily reflux upward into the larynx, causing mucosal irritation and inflammation.

2. Excessive gastric acid secretion: Long-term dietary irritants and high levels of psychological stress can lead to overproduction of gastric acid. Elevated acid concentration means even small amounts of reflux can strongly irritate the laryngeal mucosa, worsening inflammatory responses.

3. Delayed gastric emptying: Overeating, indigestion, and similar conditions prolong gastric emptying time, increasing intragastric pressure. This promotes the upward reflux of gastric contents, raising both the frequency and volume of reflux reaching the larynx.

4. Unhealthy lifestyle habits: Chronic smoking and alcohol consumption, staying up late, lying down immediately after meals, or frequently consuming spicy, greasy, very hot, or overly sweet foods can weaken the function of the lower esophageal sphincter, triggering or exacerbating reflux symptoms.

5. Anatomical abnormalities: Structural issues such as hiatal hernia or congenital malformations in the laryngeal region can alter the normal anatomical relationship between the esophagus and stomach, reducing anti-reflux capacity and predisposing individuals to chronic reflux.

In daily life, maintain regular eating habits and avoid overeating; take a light walk after meals to promote gastric emptying. Reduce intake of spicy, sour, sweet, fatty foods, as well as tobacco and alcohol. Elevate the head of your bed while sleeping to prevent reflux when lying flat. Maintain emotional stability and avoid excessive tension or anxiety.