What does it mean when you forcefully suck phlegm from your throat and it contains blood, and what should you do about it?

Generally, forcefully clearing the throat and sucking out phlegm that results in blood may be caused by dry air, excessive force, chronic pharyngitis, tonsillitis, or postnasal drip syndrome. Patients can choose appropriate management methods such as general care or medication based on their specific conditions. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Dry Air

Remaining in a dry environment for prolonged periods causes moisture loss in the throat's mucous membrane, making it fragile and prone to cracking. Forceful throat clearing can easily damage the mucosa and lead to bleeding. Use a humidifier indoors to maintain humidity between 40% and 60%, drink plenty of warm or cool water, and avoid breathing through the mouth for extended periods.

2. Excessive Force

Applying too much force when clearing the throat creates negative pressure that pulls and damages the mucous membrane and capillaries in the throat, leading to bleeding. Immediately stop forceful throat-clearing actions. Eat soft, cool, or lukewarm foods and avoid spicy or irritating foods to reduce throat irritation.

3. Chronic Pharyngitis

The throat's mucous membrane is chronically inflamed, remaining in a state of congestion and swelling with dilated underlying blood vessels. Forceful throat clearing can easily rupture these vessels. Under medical guidance, patients may use compound borax mouthwash, Qingyan Dihwan (Qingyan drops), or Lanqin Oral Liquid. Additionally, quit smoking and alcohol, and avoid exposure to dust.

4. Tonsillitis

Bacterial or viral infections cause the tonsils to become congested and swollen, with surface mucosa prone to ulceration. Clearing the throat can worsen tissue damage and trigger bleeding, often accompanied by sore throat and fever. Follow a doctor’s instructions to take medications such as amoxicillin capsules, Pudilan Xiaoyan tablets, or ribavirin granules. Rinse the mouth with saline after meals to maintain oral hygiene.

5. Postnasal Drip Syndrome

Conditions like rhinitis cause nasal secretions to flow backward into the throat, chronically irritating the mucosa and causing inflammation. Clearing the throat can injure the already compromised mucosa, resulting in bleeding. Under medical supervision, use mometasone furoate nasal spray, loratadine tablets, or eucalyptus oil and pinene enteric soft capsules, and regularly perform nasal irrigation.

In daily life, develop gentle voice habits and avoid excessive throat clearing; maintain a light, moist diet rich in vitamins; protect the nose and mouth from irritants; and seek timely medical evaluation if bleeding recurs frequently or is accompanied by other symptoms.