What should I do if I can't swallow or fully spit out mucus in the nasopharynx?

Nasopharyngeal mucus that cannot be swallowed or fully expelled may result from dry environments, dietary irritation, chronic rhinitis, chronic pharyngitis, or sinusitis. Symptoms can be improved by adjusting the environment, modifying diet, and medical treatment. If symptoms persist or are accompanied by sore throat or worsening nasal congestion, prompt medical attention is necessary.

1. Dry Environment: Insufficient air humidity causes moisture loss in the nasopharyngeal mucosa, leading to increased and thicker mucus secretion, resulting in the sensation of mucus being neither swallowable nor expellable. It is recommended to use a humidifier to maintain indoor humidity at 50%–60% and drink plenty of warm water to keep the mucous membranes moist.

2. Dietary Irritation: Long-term consumption of spicy or overly sweet foods, or frequent alcohol intake, can irritate the nasopharyngeal mucosa, causing congestion, swelling, and abnormal overproduction of thick mucus that is difficult to clear. A light, easily digestible diet is advised, with reduced intake of irritating foods and increased fluid intake.

3. Chronic Rhinitis: Prolonged inflammation of the nasal mucosa leads to postnasal drip of secretions into the nasopharynx, forming thick mucus, often accompanied by nasal congestion and sneezing. Under medical guidance, patients may use medications such as mometasone furoate nasal spray, Tongqiao Biyan tablets, or saline nasal sprays to alleviate symptoms.

4. Chronic Pharyngitis: Persistent inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa increases secretions, causing mucus to adhere to the nasopharynx, accompanied by dryness, sore throat, and a foreign body sensation. Under medical advice, medications such as Qinghou Lüyan granules, cydiodine lozenges, or budesonide suspension may be used to relieve discomfort.

5. Sinusitis: Inflammation of the sinuses caused by bacterial or viral infection results in purulent secretions draining into the nasopharynx. The mucus becomes thick and difficult to expel, often associated with headache and nasal congestion. Patients may follow medical instructions to use medications such as cefixime dispersible tablets, Biyuan Tongqiao granules, or oxymetazoline hydrochloride nasal drops to improve symptoms.

Maintain well-ventilated and clean indoor air, avoid exposure to dust, smoke, and other irritants, establish regular sleep patterns, drink plenty of water, consume more fresh fruits and vegetables, and engage in moderate exercise to enhance respiratory immunity.