What causes a lot of white flakes on the face?

Generally, the appearance of numerous white flakes on the face may be caused by dry and dehydrated skin, improper cleansing methods, seborrheic dermatitis, pityriasis alba, or contact dermatitis. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive appropriate treatment under a doctor's guidance. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Dry and Dehydrated Skin: In dry environments or when fluid intake is insufficient, the stratum corneum loses moisture, leading to dryness and flaking. Ensure daily water intake of 1500–2000 mL, apply moisturizing cream immediately after facial cleansing, and use a humidifier indoors to increase air humidity.

2. Improper Cleansing: Frequent use of strong cleansing products or hot water for washing the face can damage the skin barrier and lead to flaking. Switch to a gentle amino acid-based facial cleanser, wash with lukewarm water, limit facial cleansing to 1–2 times per week, and avoid over-cleansing.

3. Pityriasis Alba: Associated with dry skin and sun exposure, this condition commonly affects adolescents and presents as light white patches accompanied by fine white scales. Patients may use vitamin B6 ointment, urea-vitamin E cream, or silicone cream as directed by a physician, and take proper sun protection measures when outdoors.

4. Seborrheic Dermatitis: Caused by excessive sebum production leading to inflammation, it is characterized by pale red patches and greasy scales, often affecting the areas around the nasal folds. Patients should use medications such as tacrolimus ointment, pimecrolimus cream, or ketoconazole cream as prescribed, and reduce dietary intake of high-sugar and high-fat foods.

5. Contact Dermatitis: An allergic reaction triggered by using certain skincare products or cosmetics, presenting with flaking, itching, and redness. Patients may use desonide cream, hydrocortisone butyrate cream, or cetirizine hydrochloride tablets as directed by a doctor, discontinue the allergenic product, and keep a record to avoid future exposure.

In daily life, avoid peeling off white flakes manually to prevent skin damage. Choose skincare products with simple ingredients and avoid frequent changes. Apply sunscreen when going outdoors to reduce ultraviolet irritation and support skin barrier recovery.