What does it mean when small red spots appear on a pregnant woman's abdomen?

Small red spots on a pregnant woman's abdomen may be caused by hormonal changes, dry skin, eczema, contact dermatitis, or prurigo of pregnancy. These can be improved through moisturizing care, avoiding irritants, and medical treatment. If the red spots spread or are accompanied by severe itching or fever, prompt medical attention is necessary.

1. Hormonal changes: During pregnancy, elevated levels of estrogen and progesterone can stimulate blood vessel dilation in the skin, leading to scattered small red spots, usually without significant itching. It is recommended to wear loose, cotton clothing to avoid friction, and keep the abdominal skin clean and dry.

2. Dry skin: As the abdominal skin stretches during pregnancy, sebum production decreases, causing dryness and dehydration that may result in small red spots and mild itching. It is advisable to apply a gentle moisturizer to the abdomen daily to replenish moisture, and avoid frequent washing with hot water.

3. Eczema: Changes in immunity during pregnancy or environmental irritants may trigger eczema, presenting as red patches and papules accompanied by intense itching, which may spread to surrounding skin areas. Under medical guidance, calamine lotion, zinc oxide ointment, or vitamin E cream may be used to relieve symptoms.

4. Contact dermatitis: Exposure to allergens such as clothing fibers or laundry detergents can cause localized red spots and itching on the abdomen, with relatively clear boundaries. Under medical supervision, medications such as hydrocortisone butyrate cream, loratadine syrup, or normal saline may help alleviate discomfort.

5. Prurigo of pregnancy: A skin condition specific to pregnancy, often related to hormonal changes, characterized by tiny red papules the size of pinpricks, appearing on the abdomen and limbs, with prominent itching. Patients may use calamine lotion, desonide cream, or calcium gluconate oral solution under medical guidance to improve symptoms.

To maintain healthy skin during pregnancy, keep the abdominal area clean and well-moisturized, wear loose, breathable cotton clothing, avoid suspected allergens, follow a light diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and reduce intake of spicy or irritating foods to minimize skin discomfort and support overall prenatal health.