What does it mean if there is a red patch on the back of the hand after intravenous infusion?

Generally, redness on the back of the hand after intravenous infusion may be caused by improper compression at the puncture site, drug irritation, phlebitis, contact dermatitis, or cellulitis. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Improper compression at the puncture site: If the pressure applied after infusion is misplaced or insufficient, blood may leak into the subcutaneous tissue, causing redness on the back of the hand. Immediately apply vertical pressure directly over the puncture site using a clean cotton swab for 5–10 minutes. Avoid rubbing during this time, and cold compresses can be used within 24 hours to reduce bleeding.

2. Drug irritation: Some medications with high concentration or strong irritancy may irritate the blood vessel and surrounding tissues, leading to redness. Inform healthcare providers promptly; they may adjust the infusion rate, switch the infusion site, or dilute the medication before re-administering if necessary.

3. Phlebitis: Often caused by puncture injury or drug irritation, phlebitis manifests as redness and swelling along the course of the vein. Patients may apply topical medications such as polysulfated glycosaminoglycan cream, heparin sodium cream, or diclofenac diethylammonium gel as directed by a physician to relieve symptoms.

4. Contact dermatitis: Allergic reactions to adhesive tapes used in IV fixation or disinfectants can lead to redness and itching at the contact site. Remove the allergen immediately and follow medical advice to take antihistamines such as cetirizine hydrochloride tablets, fexofenadine hydrochloride tablets, or loratadine capsules. Keep the affected skin area clean and dry.

5. Cellulitis: Caused by bacterial infection spreading from the puncture site, characterized by expanding redness accompanied by swelling and pain. Patients should follow medical instructions to use antibiotics such as injectable penicillin sodium, injectable ceftriaxone sodium, or injectable azithromycin for anti-infective treatment. If an abscess forms, incision and drainage surgery is required to remove pus.

During infusion, closely monitor the condition of the back of the hand and avoid excessive movement of the arm where the puncture was performed. Keep the puncture site clean and dry, avoid contact with water, and prevent infection. Maintain a light diet and avoid spicy or irritating foods to promote local recovery.