What causes redness and intense itching at the knuckles on the back of the hand, and what should be done about it?

The skin on the back of the hand around the finger joints may become red and itchy due to friction, exposure to allergens, contact dermatitis, eczema, or dyshidrotic eczema. Symptoms can be improved by avoiding irritants, staying away from allergens, and using appropriate medications. If symptoms worsen, spread, or are accompanied by pain or pus formation, prompt medical attention is necessary.

1. Friction irritation: Frequent joint movement or contact with rough materials can damage the local skin, causing congestion, redness, and itching. It is recommended to reduce excessive joint activity, avoid contact with coarse textures, and apply a gentle moisturizer to protect the skin barrier.

2. Allergen exposure: Contact with pollen, dust mites, certain glove materials, or detergents may trigger a localized allergic reaction, leading to redness and itching. Avoid suspected allergens, rinse the area with clean water, and refrain from scratching to prevent skin breaks.

3. Contact dermatitis: Inflammation occurs when the skin comes into contact with irritating substances or allergens, resulting in redness and itching around the joints, which may worsen with scratching. Under medical guidance, patients may use medications such as dexamethasone cream, loratadine tablets, or calamine lotion to relieve symptoms.

4. Eczema: Skin inflammation triggered by genetic, immune, or environmental factors commonly affects skin folds like joints, presenting as redness, itching, and papules. Under a doctor’s supervision, treatments such as hydrocortisone cream, cetirizine hydrochloride tablets, or eczema ointment may help alleviate discomfort.

5. Dyshidrotic eczema: Triggered by factors such as excessive sweating of hands and feet or emotional stress, this condition causes deep-seated small blisters around the finger joints, along with redness and intense itching. As directed by a physician, treatments may include triamcinolone acetonide and urea ointment, vitamin E cream, or loratadine syrup to improve symptoms.

Maintain clean and dry hands, avoid frequent contact with water and detergents, wear breathable cotton gloves, apply moisturizer promptly after washing hands, follow a light diet avoiding spicy and irritating foods, and minimize scratching to promote skin recovery.