What causes red rashes on the face from sitting by a fire, and what should be done about it?

Red rashes on the face after sitting by a fire may be caused by localized high temperature, dry and dehydrated skin, contact dermatitis, erythema ab igne, or eczema. These can be improved by staying away from heat sources, rehydrating and moisturizing the skin, and medical treatments. If the rash persists, itching worsens, or blisters develop, prompt medical attention is necessary.

1. Localized high temperature: Uneven heating of the face while sitting by a fire causes capillary dilation and congestion, leading to red papules and plaques accompanied by mild burning sensation. It is recommended to maintain a safe distance from the heat source, avoid prolonged direct exposure, and periodically move the face away to cool down.

2. Dry and dehydrated skin: Sitting by a fire accelerates water evaporation from the facial skin, damaging the skin barrier and causing dryness-related rashes, along with tightness and mild itching. It is advisable to hydrate adequately during exposure and apply moisturizing creams afterward to restore the skin barrier.

3. Contact dermatitis: Exposure to allergens such as scarves or masks during heating may trigger skin inflammation, resulting in red patches and papules accompanied by noticeable itching. Patients may use calamine lotion, loratadine tablets, or desonide cream under medical guidance to relieve symptoms.

4. Erythema ab igne: Prolonged and repeated exposure to heat causes chronic thermal irritation, leading to vascular dilation and proliferation, forming net-like or patchy red rashes, sometimes accompanied by mild burning or pigmentation. Under medical supervision, topical agents such as vitamin E cream, mucopolysaccharide polysulfate cream, or hydroquinone cream may be used to alleviate symptoms.

5. Eczema: Heat and dryness may trigger eczema, presenting as red patches and papules on the face, accompanied by intense itching and flaking. Patients may follow medical advice to use medications such as mometasone furoate cream, zinc oxide ointment, or cetirizine drops to manage symptoms.

In daily life, limit duration and proximity of exposure to heat sources, maintain indoor humidity, use gentle facial cleansers, avoid scratching the rash, eat more fresh fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins, reduce intake of spicy and irritating foods, and support skin recovery.