What are the causes of uvulitis?

The main causes of uvulitis include infection, irritants, inflammation of adjacent tissues, constitutional factors, and environmental factors, often associated with local mucosal damage or pathogen invasion. If inflammation is accompanied by severe pain, difficulty breathing, or difficulty swallowing, prompt medical attention is recommended.

1. Infection: Bacterial or viral infections are primary causes, such as hemolytic streptococcus or influenza virus, which invade the mucosa via the respiratory tract or oral cavity, leading to congestion and swelling, commonly accompanied by symptoms like sore throat and fever.

2. Irritants: Spicy or hot foods, tobacco and alcohol, excessive voice use, or exposure to chemical gases can damage the uvular mucosa, reduce resistance, and trigger inflammatory responses, typically presenting as local redness, swelling, and a burning sensation.

3. Inflammation of adjacent tissues: Spread of infections such as tonsillitis, pharyngitis, or sinusitis may involve the uvula, causing secondary inflammation, often accompanied by symptoms of the primary condition, such as swollen tonsils or runny nose.

4. Constitutional factors: Individuals with allergic constitutions may develop allergic uvulitis upon exposure to pollen, dust mites, or certain foods, manifesting as rapid swelling, itching, and in some cases, sneezing or skin rashes.

5. Environmental factors: Dry environments, air pollution, or large temperature fluctuations can lead to moisture loss in the uvular mucosa and reduced defensive function, making it more susceptible to pathogen invasion or triggering non-infectious inflammation.

Treatment is mainly symptomatic; bacterial infections may be treated with anti-inflammatory medications as prescribed by a physician, while viral infections are generally managed symptomatically. Care includes maintaining oral hygiene, rinsing the mouth with warm saline solution, eating light and easily digestible food, avoiding irritants, and drinking plenty of water to keep the mucosa moist.