How to read a pure tone audiometry test report

Interpreting a pure-tone audiometry report requires attention to hearing thresholds, frequency distribution, interaural comparison, air-bone conduction gap, and hearing loss classification. By analyzing these indicators, one can preliminarily assess hearing status and type of impairment. If the report shows abnormal hearing thresholds or a significant air-bone gap, prompt medical evaluation is recommended to determine the underlying cause.

1. Hearing Threshold: The decibel (dB) values on the report indicate the softest sound intensity a person can hear. Lower values represent better hearing. A threshold exceeding 25 dB suggests hearing loss, with higher values indicating potentially more severe impairment.

2. Frequency Distribution: The horizontal axis represents different frequencies corresponding to key sounds in speech communication. Low-frequency hearing loss affects perception of low-pitched sounds, while high-frequency loss may lead to difficulty hearing consonants. It is important to check whether thresholds across all frequencies fall within the normal range.

3. Interaural Comparison: Compare hearing thresholds between both ears at each frequency. A difference greater than 15 dB may indicate unilateral hearing loss, warranting further investigation for ear-specific pathologies or conductive issues.

4. Air-Bone Conduction Gap: The difference between air-conduction and bone-conduction thresholds helps determine the type of hearing loss. A gap less than 10 dB typically indicates sensorineural hearing loss, whereas a gap exceeding 15 dB may suggest conductive or mixed hearing loss.

5. Hearing Loss Classification: Hearing thresholds are categorized into normal, mild, moderate, severe, and profound levels. Higher grades of hearing loss have a greater impact on daily communication, and intervention necessity should be evaluated accordingly.

To protect hearing, avoid prolonged exposure to high-noise environments, limit headphone use in duration and volume, maintain clean and dry ear canals, avoid frequent ear picking that may damage the eardrum, and maintain regular sleep patterns and a balanced diet to support inner ear blood circulation and neural function.