What should I do about brown spots appearing on the scalp?

Brown spots on the scalp should be managed by observing the spot's shape and borders, monitoring growth changes, avoiding repeated irritation, identifying potential triggers, and seeking medical evaluation when necessary. Most cases are benign pigmentation or pigmented nevi. However, if the spot rapidly enlarges, becomes irregular in shape, or is accompanied by itching or ulceration, prompt medical attention is recommended.

1. Observe the shape and borders of the spot: Check whether the color of the brown spot is uniform, the border is well-defined, and the shape is symmetrical. Benign spots typically have consistent color and clear, regular borders. Be cautious if the color is mixed or the border is blurred, as this may indicate abnormalities.

2. Monitor growth changes: Continuously observe the spot for 1–3 months and record any changes in size or number. Benign spots usually grow slowly or remain stable. If the spot noticeably increases in size or number within a short period, there may be an increased risk of malignant transformation.

3. Avoid repeated irritation: Do not scratch or pick at the spot. Use gentle motions when washing hair and avoid repeated friction from combs to reduce external stimulation that could lead to abnormal cell proliferation.

4. Identify potential triggers: Review whether there has been recent prolonged sun exposure, scalp inflammation, hormonal fluctuations, or use of irritating hair or scalp products, as these factors may trigger pigmentation.

5. Seek medical evaluation when necessary: If the spot is accompanied by itching, pain, bleeding, ulceration, or development of small satellite spots nearby, consult a doctor for examination—such as dermoscopy—to determine its nature and prevent delayed diagnosis.

In daily life, protect the scalp from sun exposure, choose mild and non-irritating hair care products, maintain moderate shampooing frequency to avoid over-cleansing, reduce the frequency of hair dyeing and perming, and keep the scalp dry and well-ventilated to prevent excessive oil buildup or inflammatory irritation that could worsen the condition.