What causes a hard lump near the cheekbone, and what should be done about it?

Generally, a hard lump near the cheekbone may be caused by trauma-induced hematoma, insect bites, sebaceous cysts, folliculitis, or lymphadenitis. Depending on the specific situation, treatments such as conservative management, medication, or surgical intervention can be chosen to improve the condition. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Traumatic Hematoma: After impact to the cheekbone, local blood vessels may rupture and bleed, causing blood accumulation and forming a hard lump. Apply cold compresses within the first 48 hours to stop bleeding, then switch to warm compresses after 48 hours to promote absorption of the hematoma. Avoid pressing on the affected area.

2. Insect Bite: Saliva from insects can irritate the skin and trigger a localized inflammatory reaction, resulting in a hard lump. Clean the area with water and apply calamine lotion. Avoid scratching to prevent infection and spreading.

3. Sebaceous Cyst: Blockage of sebaceous gland ducts leads to accumulation of sebum and cyst formation. Topical medications such as mupirocin ointment, fusidic acid cream, or clindamycin gel may be used under medical guidance. Surgical removal of the sebaceous cyst may be necessary if needed.

4. Folliculitis: Bacterial infection of hair follicles causes inflammation, leading to redness, swelling, and formation of a hard lump around the follicle. Follow doctor's instructions to take cefuroxime axetil tablets, azithromycin dispersible tablets, or minocycline hydrochloride capsules. Maintain cleanliness of the local skin area.

5. Lymphadenitis: Infection in nearby tissues spreads to lymph nodes, causing them to swell and harden. Oral antibiotics such as amoxicillin capsules, cefixime dispersible tablets, or roxithromycin capsules may be taken. The lump gradually subsides once the infection is controlled.

In daily life, protect the cheeks from injury and take preventive measures against insect bites. Keep the face clean and use gentle skincare products. If the hard lump persists, worsens, becomes painful, or increases in size, seek timely medical evaluation for accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.