HIV/AIDS is incurable but preventable. How can it be prevented?

The main methods for preventing HIV/AIDS include practicing safe sex, eliminating the risk of blood transmission, implementing effective mother-to-child transmission prevention, following standardized post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and actively learning about HIV prevention. These measures should specifically target and interrupt transmission routes. If high-risk behaviors occur or suspected symptoms appear, it is recommended to promptly seek testing and counseling at正规 medical institutions.

1. Practice Safe Sex: Always correctly use qualified condoms during every sexual encounter. Avoid unprotected sex with partners whose HIV status is unknown. Refrain from abusing psychoactive substances and reduce risks associated with having multiple sexual partners—this is key to preventing sexual transmission.

2. Eliminate Risk of Blood Transmission: Do not share syringes or needles. Choose licensed facilities for invasive procedures such as tattooing or ear piercing, ensuring all instruments are properly sterilized. Avoid contact with other people’s contaminated blood and take protective measures when handling wounds.

3. Implement Mother-to-Child Transmission Prevention: Women planning pregnancy or who are pregnant should proactively undergo HIV testing. Infected individuals should receive timely and standardized treatment. Newborns should receive appropriate antiretroviral medications as recommended, and breastfeeding should be avoided to reduce the risk of vertical transmission and lower the likelihood of intergenerational spread.

4. Follow Standardized Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP): Within 72 hours after a high-risk exposure, go to a designated medical facility for risk assessment. Start taking PEP medication as early as possible and complete the full 28-day course. Avoid re-exposure during this period to increase the success rate of prevention.

5. Actively Learn About HIV Prevention: Understand how HIV is transmitted and acquire essential protective skills. Dispel misconceptions, avoid stigmatizing people living with HIV, and undergo regular health screenings to ensure early detection and timely intervention.

Maintain a healthy lifestyle daily to strengthen immunity, avoid sharing personal items such as toothbrushes and razors, actively participate in HIV awareness campaigns, enhance self-protection awareness, uphold health boundaries in social interactions, and build a strong personal defense against HIV.