Treatment of exudative pleuritis
Dec 03, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Li Yun
Introduction
Treatment of exudative pleurisy includes etiological treatment, thoracentesis, anti-infective therapy, symptomatic and supportive care, glucocorticoid therapy, etc., and an individualized treatment plan should be developed based on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. If symptoms such as worsening chest pain, dyspnea, or persistent high fever occur, prompt medical attention is recommended. For tuberculous, bacterial, rheumatic
Treatment for exudative pleuritis includes etiological treatment, thoracentesis, anti-infective therapy, symptomatic and supportive care, glucocorticoid therapy, etc., with specific regimens tailored according to the underlying cause and severity of the condition. If symptoms such as worsening chest pain, difficulty breathing, or persistent high fever occur, prompt medical attention is recommended.
1. Etiological treatment: Targeted therapies—such as anti-tuberculosis, anti-infective, or immunomodulatory treatments—are implemented based on different causes including tuberculosis, bacterial infection, or rheumatologic and immune disorders. Eliminating the root cause is key to achieving cure.
2. Thoracentesis: Fluid is removed from the pleural cavity via needle aspiration to relieve lung compression and alleviate dyspnea. The extracted fluid can also be sent for laboratory analysis to help identify the cause. Repeated aspirations or catheter drainage may be required when necessary.
3. Anti-infective therapy: For bacterial infections, appropriate antibiotics are administered in sufficient dosage and duration to control inflammation. In cases of tuberculosis, standardized combination anti-tuberculosis drug regimens must be followed strictly to prevent development of drug resistance.
4. Symptomatic and supportive care: Analgesics are provided for significant chest pain; physical methods or antipyretic medications are used to manage fever. Adequate nutrition and hydration should be maintained to ensure sufficient energy supply and enhance the body's immunity.
5. Glucocorticoid therapy: On the basis of etiological treatment, short-term use of glucocorticoids may help reduce inflammatory responses and prevent pleural adhesions. However, indications must be carefully evaluated to avoid inappropriate use and potential adverse effects.
In daily life, patients should ensure adequate rest and avoid overexertion, adopt comfortable positions to minimize chest pain, maintain a balanced diet rich in protein and vitamins, quit smoking and alcohol, avoid respiratory irritants, and perform moderate respiratory exercises to promote recovery of lung function and absorption of pleural effusion.
