What are the side effects of daratumumab?

Generally, daratumumab, as a targeted therapy drug, may cause several side effects in clinical use, including infusion-related reactions, hematologic abnormalities, increased risk of infection, skin reactions, gastrointestinal discomfort, and others. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Infusion-related reactions: This is the most common side effect, typically occurring during or within a few hours after administration. Symptoms include fever, chills, headache, nausea, and in some patients, chest tightness and difficulty breathing.

2. Hematologic abnormalities: Daratumumab may lead to decreased counts of white blood cells, platelets, and red blood cells, resulting in symptoms such as fatigue, pallor, increased susceptibility to infections, and gum bleeding. These abnormalities are usually temporary; with adjustments in dosing intervals or symptomatic treatment, most patients' laboratory values gradually return to normal.

3. Increased risk of infection: The drug may impair immune system function, reducing the body's resistance and increasing the likelihood of respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, etc. Common symptoms include cough, sore throat, frequent urination, and urgency. Patients should maintain good personal hygiene and avoid crowded places to reduce the risk of infection.

4. Skin reactions: Some patients may develop rashes or itching, mostly mild to moderate in severity. Rashes typically present as scattered maculopapular eruptions, commonly appearing on the trunk and limbs. Avoid scratching, apply gentle moisturizers, or use antiallergic topical medications as directed by a physician to relieve discomfort.

5. Gastrointestinal discomfort: Mainly manifests as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, etc., with symptoms generally being mild. Adjusting diet—such as eating smaller, more frequent meals and choosing light, easily digestible foods—and using supportive measures like abdominal massage can help reduce gastrointestinal burden.

The side effects of daratumumab vary from person to person, and most can be alleviated with appropriate symptomatic management. During treatment, patients must strictly follow medical advice for regular follow-up examinations and proactively report any physical changes to their doctor, allowing timely adjustment of the treatment plan and ensuring safe and effective therapy.