Why is a 37-year-old woman gaining weight frequently lately, and what should she do?

A 37-year-old woman experiencing frequent weight gain may be affected by factors such as excessive food intake and lack of exercise, hormonal fluctuations, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hypothyroidism, or metabolic syndrome. These conditions can be improved through dietary adjustments, regular physical activity, and medical treatment. If weight increases rapidly or is accompanied by menstrual irregularities or fatigue, prompt medical evaluation is recommended.

1. Excessive intake and lack of exercise: Long-term consumption of high-calorie foods combined with insufficient physical activity leads to excess calories being stored as fat, resulting in weight gain—often with increased abdominal fat. It is advised to limit high-calorie foods, increase intake of whole grains, vegetables, and fruits, and engage in aerobic exercise at least three times per week.

2. Hormonal fluctuations: At age 37, women experience gradual changes in ovarian function, and fluctuating estrogen levels can affect metabolism, promoting fat accumulation—possibly accompanied by irregular menstrual cycles. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule, avoiding late nights, and managing emotional well-being can help reduce the impact of hormonal changes on weight.

3. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): This endocrine and metabolic disorder causes elevated androgen levels, disrupting ovulation and metabolism, leading to obesity, infrequent menstruation, and hirsutism. Under medical guidance, medications such as cyproterone acetate-ethinyl estradiol tablets, drospirenone-ethinyl estradiol tablets, or metformin sustained-release tablets may be used to alleviate symptoms.

4. Hypothyroidism: Insufficient production of thyroid hormones slows metabolic rate and reduces calorie expenditure, contributing to weight gain, along with symptoms like fatigue, cold intolerance, and constipation. Patients may take levothyroxine sodium tablets, thyroid tablets, or oryzanol tablets under medical supervision to relieve symptoms.

5. Metabolic syndrome: Characterized by insulin resistance and other factors causing metabolic disturbances, this condition presents with obesity, hypertension, and high blood sugar—often with central (abdominal) obesity. Medications such as metformin hydrochloride tablets, acarbose tablets, or repaglinide tablets may be prescribed to manage symptoms.

Maintain a balanced diet by reducing intake of high-fat and high-sugar foods, adhere to a regular sleep schedule avoiding late nights, engage in moderate exercise regularly—such as brisk walking or yoga—and maintain a positive mindset. Regular monitoring of body weight and health indicators supports long-term maintenance of a healthy physique.