What does "suctioning PRN" mean?

PRN suctioning is a professional term in the medical field meaning "suction as needed." PRN comes from the Latin phrase "pro re nata," which translates to "as the situation arises." This procedure refers to healthcare providers performing suctioning promptly when patients exhibit symptoms such as airway obstruction due to sputum, rapid breathing, or other related conditions, in order to maintain an open airway. If patients experience frequent choking coughs, cyanosis of the lips, or similar symptoms at home, they should immediately contact medical personnel or seek hospital care.

PRN suctioning primarily applies to patients with excessive sputum and weak expectoration ability, such as those with sequelae of stroke, post-tracheotomy, or acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). These patients cannot effectively clear secretions on their own, and accumulated sputum increases the risk of complications like pulmonary infection or asphyxiation. Suctioning as needed precisely addresses airway blockage caused by sputum, avoiding unnecessary irritation from routine, fixed-interval suctioning.

Performing PRN suctioning requires strict adherence to procedural guidelines. Healthcare providers must assess patient indicators such as sputum viscosity, respiratory rate, and blood oxygen saturation; select an appropriate suction catheter; control suction duration and negative pressure; and perform the procedure gently to avoid damaging the airway mucosa. Patient responses should be closely observed before and after suctioning to ensure effectiveness and minimize complications.

During care, maintaining moisture in the patient's airway is essential. Nebulized inhalation can help dilute sputum, and regular turning and back percussion assist in loosening secretions. Maintaining suitable indoor temperature and humidity, encouraging patients to cough appropriately when medically permissible, and assisting them in expelling sputum are important measures. Additionally, proper oral hygiene should be maintained to reduce bacterial growth and support overall airway patency.