How does cerebral infarction occur?
Dec 12, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Tian Hongbo
Introduction
Cerebral infarction is mainly caused by interruption of blood supply to the brain due to factors such as vascular occlusion, abnormal blood components, hemodynamic changes, vascular wall lesions, and other triggering factors, leading to ischemia, hypoxia, and necrosis of brain tissue. Symptoms may include limb numbness, slurred speech, blurred vision, etc., and immediate medical attention at a正规 hospital is required. It can result from thrombosis formed by脱落 of atherosclerotic plaques or from emboli originating elsewhere blocking cerebral blood vessels.
Cerebral infarction primarily results from interruption of blood supply to the brain due to factors such as vascular occlusion, abnormal blood components, hemodynamic changes, vascular wall lesions, and other triggering factors, leading to ischemia, hypoxia, and necrosis of brain tissue. Symptoms may include limb numbness, slurred speech, blurred vision, and others; immediate medical attention at a正规 hospital is required.
1. Vascular occlusion: Thrombus formation caused by detachment of atherosclerotic plaques or blockage of cerebral vessels by emboli from elsewhere abruptly interrupts cerebral blood supply. This is the most common cause of cerebral infarction and is often associated with underlying conditions such as hyperlipidemia and hypertension.
2. Abnormal blood components: Increased blood viscosity or enhanced platelet aggregation predisposes to thrombus formation and vessel blockage. This commonly occurs in conditions like dehydration, hyperlipidemia, and thrombocytosis.
3. Hemodynamic changes: Sudden drops in blood pressure or heart failure reduce cerebral blood flow and lead to inadequate brain perfusion. Over time, this can result in ischemic cerebral infarction, often related to cardiovascular diseases.
4. Vascular wall lesions: Inflammation of the vessel wall or congenital vascular malformations can damage vascular structure, causing stenosis or occlusion of blood vessels, impairing cerebral circulation, and increasing the risk of cerebral infarction.
5. Other triggering factors: Long-term smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, physical inactivity, and emotional stress can indirectly affect vascular health and blood flow, triggering cerebral infarction.
Treatment mainly includes thrombolysis, antiplatelet therapy, and improvement of cerebral circulation, with therapeutic strategies tailored to individual patient conditions. Nursing care should ensure bed rest, provide a low-salt, low-fat diet, assist with limb rehabilitation exercises, maintain emotional stability, and promote patient recovery.
