What is foot bruising?

Foot bruising generally refers to the appearance of blood stasis, bruises, or swelling in the foot. The development of bruising or ecchymosis on the feet may result from prolonged standing or sitting, hormonal changes during a woman's menstrual period, external trauma, allergic purpura, lower limb varicose veins, and other causes. Adjusting posture, local care, and medication can help improve these conditions. If the bruising spreads or is accompanied by increasing pain or swelling, prompt medical attention is necessary.

1. Prolonged Standing or Sitting: Maintaining the same posture for long periods can impair blood circulation in the lower limbs, leading to blood accumulation and the formation of bruises or stasis, usually without significant pain. It is recommended to get up and move around regularly, elevate the legs appropriately, and promote venous return to reduce bruise formation.

2. Hormonal Changes During Menstruation: Fluctuations in estrogen levels during menstruation can affect coagulation function, causing foot bruising even with minor trauma, possibly accompanied by menstrual discomfort. It is advisable to avoid strenuous exercise during menstruation and wear loose, comfortable footwear to reduce foot compression.

3. External Trauma: Bruises and hematomas occur when the foot suffers impact or crushing injuries, resulting in rupture of subcutaneous capillaries, often accompanied by local swelling and tenderness. Cold compresses within the first 48 hours after injury are recommended to control bleeding; after 48 hours, warm compresses can help dissipate the bruise.

4. Allergic Purpura: Vascular inflammation triggered by infections, allergies, or other factors leads to subcutaneous bleeding and bruising, typically symmetrically distributed, possibly accompanied by mild itching or joint discomfort. Under medical guidance, patients may take medications such as loratadine tablets, vitamin C tablets, and rutin tablets to alleviate symptoms.

5. Lower Limb Varicose Veins: Venous valve dysfunction causes blood reflux and pooling, increasing venous pressure and leading to subcutaneous hemorrhage, bruising, leg heaviness, and visible bulging veins. Under medical supervision, drugs such as diosmin tablets, horse chestnut seed extract (Mazipiling), and topical pentosan polysulfate sodium cream may be used to relieve symptoms.

To maintain foot health, avoid external impacts, wear well-fitting shoes and socks, engage in moderate activities like walking or jogging to promote circulation, include vitamin C-rich foods in the diet, monitor changes in bruising, and practice proper foot care to minimize discomfort.