What does a blood test check for?

Blood analysis evaluates the function of the hematologic system and screens for conditions such as anemia, infection, and coagulation disorders by measuring indicators including red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and hemoglobin. It also assists in diagnosing diseases affecting cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, and other organ systems. If test results show significant abnormalities or are accompanied by symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, fever, or bleeding, prompt medical consultation and further evaluation are recommended.

Red blood cell and hemoglobin levels help determine the presence of anemia. Decreased values may indicate types of anemia such as iron deficiency or megaloblastic anemia, while elevated levels may be associated with dehydration or hypoxia. White blood cell counts and differential classifications reflect immune status—neutrophils typically increase during bacterial infections, whereas lymphocytes may become abnormal during viral infections.

Platelets play a key role in blood clotting and hemostasis. Abnormal platelet count or function can lead to bleeding or coagulation disorders, warranting attention for conditions such as thrombocytopenic purpura. Additionally, blood analysis can measure indicators related to blood glucose, lipid profile, and liver and kidney function, providing valuable information for early detection and management of various diseases.

In daily life, it's important to maintain regular sleep patterns and a balanced diet, avoid chronic sleep deprivation and excessive fatigue, reduce intake of high-fat and high-sugar foods, engage in moderate physical activity to improve overall health, and undergo routine medical check-ups to detect potential blood-related or systemic health issues at an early stage.