What causes osteoma?

The causes of bone tumors mainly include genetic factors, physiological factors, environmental factors, skeletal injury factors, and the influence of other diseases. If symptoms such as localized bone swelling, pain, or restricted movement occur, timely consultation and examination at the orthopedic department of a正规 hospital are recommended.

1. Genetic factors: Some bone tumors show a clear familial inheritance pattern. Individuals with a family history of bone tumors have a higher risk of developing the disease compared to the general population. Genetic mutations may lead to abnormal proliferation and differentiation of bone cells, thereby triggering bone tumor formation.

2. Physiological factors: During childhood and adolescence, bones are in a rapid growth and development phase, with highly active bone cell division. If interfered with by internal or external factors, regulation of cell proliferation may become abnormal, increasing the likelihood of bone tumor development. This age group is therefore considered high-risk for bone tumors.

3. Environmental factors: Long-term exposure to radioactive substances or chemical carcinogens can damage the genetic material of bone cells, disrupt normal cellular growth control mechanisms, and induce abnormal bone cell proliferation, which may gradually lead to bone tumor formation.

4. Skeletal injury factors: Previous trauma or fractures to the bone may result in disordered cell proliferation during the healing process, along with abnormal local tissue repair. Prolonged stimulation may cause accumulation of abnormal cells, eventually progressing into a bone tumor.

5. Influence of other diseases: Certain benign bone conditions—such as osteochondroma or fibrous dysplasia—if left untreated over a long period or experience recurrent progression, may undergo malignant transformation into bone tumors. These conditions are thus considered potential triggers for bone tumor development.

Treatment primarily involves surgical removal. For malignant bone tumors, adjuvant therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy are also required. Patient care should ensure adequate nutritional intake, avoid strenuous physical activity to prevent skeletal injury, schedule regular follow-up visits to monitor disease progression, and pay attention to the patient's psychological well-being, providing appropriate emotional support and counseling.