Do gallbladder polyps require surgery?

Not all gallbladder polyps require surgical treatment; most small, asymptomatic polyps only need regular monitoring.

Most gallbladder polyps are benign. Polyps measuring less than 1 cm in diameter and exhibiting regular morphology do not impair gallbladder function nor cause any symptoms. Such polyps require no specific treatment—regular abdominal ultrasound surveillance to monitor changes in size and morphology is sufficient. Additionally, maintaining appropriate dietary control helps prevent disease fluctuations.

Individuals with polyps ≥1 cm in diameter, irregular morphology, coexisting gallstones, or recurrent abdominal pain should undergo cholecystectomy to mitigate the risk of malignant transformation. Postoperatively, anti-inflammatory and liver-protective therapies are recommended to gradually restore hepatobiliary digestive function, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and support optimal recovery.

In daily life, adopt a low-fat, light diet; maintain regular meal schedules and avoid overeating or binge eating; limit intake of high-fat and fried foods; engage in moderate physical activity consistently; stabilize metabolic status; reduce strain on the gallbladder; and prevent continued polyp growth.