What is the correct chest compression depth for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?

For adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the recommended chest compression depth is 5–6 cm. This depth ensures effective chest recoil and adequate cardiac output, thereby meeting the blood supply requirements of vital organs. Compressions that are too shallow fail to generate effective circulation, while excessive depth may cause injury to the thoracic wall tissues. In cases of sudden cardiac arrest, immediate CPR and prompt medical attention are essential.

Appropriate compression depth promotes rhythmic chest rise and fall, compressing the heart to drive blood flow to critical organs—including the brain and lungs—and sustain basic life-sustaining circulation. During compressions, full chest recoil must be ensured, with a consistent rate of 100–120 compressions per minute and minimal interruptions, to maximize the quality and efficacy of resuscitation.

For patients experiencing simultaneous cardiac and respiratory arrest, timely initiation of CPR is the cornerstone of emergency response. When combined with rescue breaths in an alternating sequence, CPR helps maintain oxygenation and perfusion. Throughout the procedure, rescuers should keep their arms perpendicular to the chest, maintain a stable center of gravity, avoid lateral displacement during compressions, and thereby reduce the risk of complications such as rib fractures or internal organ contusions.

Proactively learning first-aid knowledge and practicing CPR techniques regularly—reinforcing proper compression rhythm and depth—helps maintain composure during emergencies and ensures confident, competent delivery of life-saving interventions to protect others’ safety.