What should I do if my abdomen becomes extremely bloated after ovulation induction?

Ovulation induction refers to the administration of ovulation-stimulating medications to women with ovulatory disorders or those undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), to promote the release of mature oocytes.

Abdominal distension following ovulation induction is commonly caused by surgical stimulation; in most cases, this resolves spontaneously with adequate rest.

However, another potential complication is ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), which occurs when the ovaries are overstimulated by fertility medications. OHSS may manifest as significant abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, gastric fullness, pleural effusion, and even ascites.

This condition is extremely uncomfortable and may lead to electrolyte imbalances, necessitating hospitalization for management—including intravenous electrolyte correction and therapeutic drainage of ascites—to support gradual recovery. Therefore, ovulation-inducing agents must be prescribed strictly according to established clinical indications and should never be used indiscriminately.