How to Provide First Aid for Burns and Scalds
Feb 23, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Wang Liming
Introduction
After a burn or scald injury, immediately move away from the heat source and remove clothing. If clothing is adhered to the wound and cannot be gently removed, carefully cut it away with scissors—do not forcibly peel or pull it off, as this may cause epidermal detachment. Next, rinse the affected area under cool, running water or immerse it directly in cool water to help alleviate symptoms caused by the burn or scald.
Scalds and burns can occur when pouring hot water or cooking—contact with excessively hot objects may result in skin injury. Below, we address how to provide first aid for burns and scalds.
First Aid for Burns and Scalds
Immediately after a burn or scald, move away from the heat source. Carefully remove any clothing covering the affected area. If clothing is adhered to the wound and cannot be gently lifted off, cut it away with scissors—never forcibly peel or tear it, as this may cause epidermal detachment. Next, rinse the injured area under cool, running water for at least 10–20 minutes, or immerse it in cool (not ice-cold) water to help alleviate pain and reduce tissue damage.
In addition to immediate first aid, patients should promptly seek medical evaluation at a hospital. For mild burns or scalds—characterized only by localized redness and pain—wound disinfection is typically sufficient; oral analgesics such as ibuprofen may be prescribed if needed. For moderate injuries—manifesting as blisters of varying sizes or partial skin peeling—topical antiseptics such as povidone-iodine or Kangfuxin solution should be applied, followed by specialized burn ointments like Moist Exposed Burn Ointment (MEBO). In cases of severe burns—where clinical assessment confirms complete destruction of the epidermis and inability for spontaneous regeneration—skin grafting surgery will likely be required.
Patients are advised to remain calm following a burn or scald. After administering initial first aid, they should seek professional medical care without delay. Self-medication or inappropriate use of over-the-counter drugs must be avoided, as this may worsen the injury or delay proper treatment.
The above outlines essential first-aid measures for burns and scalds. We hope this information proves helpful to you.
