What five tests are included in the liver function panel?

During routine physical examinations, liver function tests—commonly referred to as the “five-item liver function panel”—are routinely performed. However, many individuals are unclear about the purpose of this test or what specific parameters it assesses.

What Does the Five-Item Liver Function Panel Assess?

Clinically, results from liver function tests primarily reflect diseases caused by hepatocyte damage. Generally, if a person exhibits jaundice (yellowish discoloration of the skin), comprehensive hepatitis B serology testing—or alternatively, either the 13-item or the five-item liver function panel—may be recommended. Currently, the five-item panel is less commonly used, as its scope is relatively narrow and thus provides limited diagnostic accuracy. In contrast, the more comprehensive liver function panel yields more reliable and clinically informative results.

When undergoing liver function testing, remember that it must be performed on an empty stomach. This blood test measures multiple parameters, several of which can be influenced by dietary intake. Both food and water consumption alter blood composition and may consequently affect test accuracy. Therefore, avoid high-fat and high-protein meals the day before the test, and refrain from drinking water prior to the test. Fasting is mandatory to ensure reliable results; the recommended fasting duration is typically 8–12 hours.

Avoid vigorous physical activity. On the morning of the test, do not engage in exercise or strenuous activity; instead, rest quietly for at least 20 minutes before proceeding to the hospital for blood collection. Additionally, liver function testing should ideally be avoided during intravenous infusion or within four hours after medication administration.

In daily life, ensure adequate sleep and avoid chronic sleep deprivation or frequent late-night activity. We hope this information proves helpful to you.