Symptoms of Adnexitis

Among gynecological disorders, adnexitis (inflammation of the uterine adnexa—i.e., the fallopian tubes and ovaries) is one that many people are unfamiliar with. Due to its complex etiology and variable clinical manifestations, some patients may even exhibit no obvious symptoms of adnexitis. So, what are the symptoms of adnexitis?

What Are the Symptoms of Adnexitis?

Adnexitis is classified into acute and chronic forms. Acute adnexitis typically presents with prominent symptoms, including lower abdominal pain, increased vaginal discharge, and localized tenderness in the adnexal region (near the uterus). Patients may experience persistent or dull, aching lower abdominal pain. Abnormal vaginal discharge is usually purulent and copious. Fever may develop, sometimes reaching up to 39°C. Ultrasound may reveal an adnexal abscess; if untreated, the condition can progress to peritonitis, manifesting as generalized abdominal tenderness, rebound tenderness, and abdominal muscle rigidity—a potentially life-threatening situation. In severe cases, septicemia and shock may occur, constituting a gynecological emergency.

Prompt and standardized anti-inflammatory treatment is essential for adnexitis. Inadequate control of inflammation may lead to chronic adnexitis. Most patients with the chronic form remain asymptomatic; however, typical manifestations include chronic pelvic pain, a sensation of heaviness or dragging in the lower abdomen, and lumbosacral pain. These symptoms often worsen after sexual intercourse or before menstruation. Menstrual abnormalities are uncommon but may occasionally occur.

Adnexitis is a very common gynecological condition among women and can significantly impact daily life and work. If left untreated or inadequately managed, it may lead to serious complications such as ectopic pregnancy or infertility. Therefore, patients should seek timely medical evaluation and treatment at a hospital to prevent more severe consequences. We hope this information has been helpful to you!