What Are the Causes of Constipation in Older Adults?

In daily life, many elderly individuals experience constipation. What, then, are the causes of constipation in older adults?

Causes of Constipation in Older Adults

Causes of constipation in older adults include: • Intestinal disorders: inflammatory bowel disease, tumors, hernias, rectal prolapse, pyloric obstruction, intestinal obstruction, and irritable bowel syndrome; • Systemic diseases: diabetes mellitus, uremia, cerebrovascular accidents (strokes), Parkinson’s disease, hyperthyroidism, etc.; • Medication-related factors: opioid analgesics, anticholinergic drugs, antidepressants, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, etc.; • Other factors: reduced physical activity, inadequate dietary fiber intake, and decreased fluid consumption.

Additionally, poor lifestyle habits—such as failure to establish regular bowel habits, consumption of overly refined, low-residue diets, insufficient dietary fiber, inadequate fluid intake, obesity, physical inactivity, and prolonged bed rest or wheelchair use due to illness—may contribute to constipation. Medications, particularly long-term or inappropriate use of laxatives, may also alter colonic motility and function. Reduced intestinal tone and peristalsis, as well as diminished gastrocolic reflexes, are other contributing factors. Consuming moderate amounts of oily foods—such as meat, eggs, and dairy products—may sometimes help alleviate constipation.

Eating foods high in water and fiber—such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains—may help relieve constipation. Responding promptly to the urge to defecate is also beneficial. Constipation is especially common among elderly women. Furthermore, regardless of whether a bowel movement is felt, older adults should sit on the toilet each morning to cultivate a consistent habit of morning defecation—this practice can help prevent constipation. We hope this article has been helpful to you!