Etiology of Ménière’s Disease

The exact cause of Ménière’s syndrome remains unclear. Obstruction of lymphatic absorption—resulting from factors such as lymphatic vessel stenosis, hypoplasia of the endolymphatic sac, or inflammatory lesions affecting the lymphatic system—can lead to endolymphatic hydrops. Secondly, antigen–antibody stimulation of the inner ear may cause capillary dilation and tissue ischemia within the ear, thereby increasing the osmotic pressure of endolymph, which can also contribute to endolymphatic hydrops and related symptoms. Additionally, triggers such as excessive fatigue, sleep disturbances, and marked emotional fluctuations may precipitate Ménière’s syndrome.