What Is Restless Legs Syndrome?

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a sleep-related disorder characterized by abnormal sensations and discomfort in both lower limbs during nighttime sleep. Symptoms typically improve with movement but worsen again upon cessation of activity, often compelling patients to experience an overwhelming urge to move their legs. This frequently results in repetitive leg movements during sleep or restless tossing and turning of the torso. In most patients, symptoms are alleviated by physical activity. The exact etiology remains unclear, though genetic factors are thought to play a role; iron deficiency and impaired lower-limb circulation may also contribute. RLS can occur at any age, but its prevalence is higher among middle-aged and older adults.