What Are the Normal Blood Glucose Levels for Pregnant Women?

For pregnant women, the normal fasting blood glucose level is <5.1 mmol/L; the normal 1-hour postprandial blood glucose level is <10.0 mmol/L; and the normal 2-hour postprandial blood glucose level is <8.5 mmol/L. These values constitute the diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); a diagnosis of GDM can be made if any one of these values exceeds the respective threshold. In daily clinical practice, the target blood glucose levels for glycemic control during pregnancy are as follows: fasting <5.3 mmol/L, 1-hour postprandial <7.8 mmol/L, and 2-hour postprandial <6.7 mmol/L. If blood glucose levels frequently exceed these targets, dietary modification and appropriate physical activity are recommended; insulin therapy may be required when lifestyle interventions are insufficient.