Should individuals with melasma apply sunscreen when going outdoors?

For melasma, it is essential to apply sunscreen before going outdoors to protect against ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In addition, using umbrellas and wearing hats can further enhance sun protection and help prevent worsening of melasma. Patients should maintain a positive and relaxed mood and avoid emotional stress or depression. Diet is also important: patients should avoid coffee, cola, and other stimulants, as well as spicy and greasy foods.