How is chronic aplastic anemia treated?

The treatment of chronic aplastic anemia is primarily divided into two components: symptomatic treatment and etiologic treatment. First, supportive measures include blood transfusion to correct anemia; antimicrobial therapy for infections; and hemostatic treatment for bleeding episodes. Second, etiologic treatment targets the underlying cause of chronic aplastic anemia—for example, administration of immunosuppressive agents or estrogen therapy—to reduce damage to hematopoietic stem cells and promote blood cell production.