How does immunotherapy work in treatment?

Immunotherapy is a highly effective treatment approach designed to stimulate the body's immune system to resist diseases and injuries. The main forms of immunotherapy include biological therapies, vaccines, and immunomodulatory agents. Biological therapies activate the body's own immune system, along with other effective cellular and molecular pathways, to suppress the replication and proliferation of malignant cells and enhance their clearance, thereby achieving anticancer effects. Vaccine therapy introduces viruses or cancer-specific cells or proteins into the body to induce a specific immune response, which inhibits the development and progression of cancer and effectively controls its advancement. Immunomodulatory agents utilize unique mechanisms of action to regulate the activity of immune cells and factors, thereby suppressing cancer cell growth and division. Immunotherapy exerts strong anticancer effects against malignant tumors, helps prevent cancer onset, maintains remission after treatment, and assists patients in restoring immune function, thus significantly improving their quality of life.