What causes lower abdominal pain after cervical surgery?

Cervical surgery is a common gynecological procedure performed to reduce the risk of cervical cancer and for therapeutic purposes. Although cervical surgery is relatively simple, patients may still experience some adverse reactions afterward. Among these, lower abdominal pain is the most common. This pain typically occurs 2–3 days after the surgery, but may last for several weeks. The pain can be either persistent or intermittent, without a clear pattern. Moreover, the intensity and location of the pain vary among individuals—some may feel a pulling sensation or pressure in the lower abdomen, while others may experience severe pain, sometimes accompanied by nausea or vomiting. There are various causes of lower abdominal pain following cervical surgery; the most common include tissue damage caused by the procedure itself, postoperative inflammation during the healing process, and hematoma formation at the surgical site leading to discomfort. Generally, this type of pain is harmless and resolves spontaneously. However, if the pain persists or worsens, it is advisable to seek medical attention promptly to rule out any complications or disease progression.