Is a cardiac pacemaker implantation considered a major surgery?

Implantation of a cardiac pacemaker is generally not considered a major surgery, but it does involve certain complexity and risks. In terms of surgical scale and degree of trauma, the procedure is relatively minimally invasive. It is typically performed under local anesthesia, involving a small incision below the clavicle in the chest area. Through this incision, electrode leads are inserted into specific areas of the heart, while the pacemaker's pulse generator is implanted beneath the skin.

However, despite the limited invasiveness, strict preoperative evaluation and preparation are required to ensure the patient is suitable for pacemaker therapy and to select the appropriate type and settings of the device. During the procedure, physicians must operate carefully to avoid damaging surrounding blood vessels, nerves, and other critical tissues. Close postoperative monitoring is also necessary to prevent complications such as infection or lead dislodgement.

If any discomfort occurs after the surgery, patients should promptly contact their doctor.