What is rosacea?

Rosacea, also known as acne rosacea or simply "rosy nose," is a chronic skin condition commonly affecting adults aged 30 to 50, particularly women. Its exact cause remains incompletely understood, but it may be associated with various factors including genetics, abnormalities in neurovascular regulation, infections (such as Demodex mites, recurrent local infections, and Helicobacter pylori infection), endocrine disorders, consumption of spicy foods or alcohol, exposure to temperature extremes, and psychological stress. Clinical manifestations of rosacea are diverse and the disease is typically classified into three stages: erythematotelangiectatic stage, papulopustular stage, and rhinophymatous stage. The initial stage is characterized by central facial erythema, which may progress to papules and pustules; in severe cases, patients may develop nasal enlargement and tissue overgrowth. Treatment options for rosacea include general management measures, topical medications, and systemic therapy, aiming to alleviate symptoms, reduce skin lesions, and prevent recurrence.