What is herpesvirus?

Herpesviruses are a group of enveloped double-stranded DNA viruses belonging to the Herpesviridae family. Over 100 types have been identified, at least eight of which can infect humans. These viruses primarily affect the skin, mucous membranes, and nervous tissues, causing various diseases such as herpes simplex, shingles (herpes zoster), and cytomegalovirus infection. Herpesviruses are characterized by their ability to establish latent infections, persisting silently within the host for long periods and reactivating under certain conditions. Antiviral therapy is essential for treating herpesvirus infections, with commonly used drugs including acyclovir and valacyclovir. Depending on the clinical presentation, adjunctive treatments such as corticosteroids and analgesics may also be added. Topical treatments, such as interferon gel or acyclovir ointment, can be applied locally, and physical therapies like infrared or ultraviolet radiation may help relieve pain and promote healing of skin lesions. Patients should keep the affected area clean and dry, and avoid scratching or friction to prevent secondary infections.