What causes hemorrhoids with lump and bleeding?

Hemorrhoids with bleeding and the presence of a lump are usually due to an acute flare-up, primarily characterized by prolapse of internal hemorrhoidal nodules or swelling and congestion of external hemorrhoids. Below are the specific causes and manifestations: 1. **Internal hemorrhoids**: When irritated by severe constipation or spicy foods (such as chili peppers or alcohol), internal hemorrhoids may undergo acute exacerbation, leading to prolapse of the hemorrhoidal mass, forming a visible lump accompanied by bleeding. 2. **External hemorrhoids**: After irritation, external hemorrhoids may become swollen and congested, forming a noticeable lump-like protrusion, often associated with bleeding. 3. **Mixed hemorrhoids**: Mixed hemorrhoids exhibit features of both internal and external types. When symptoms worsen, they may develop into circumferential hemorrhoids or experience irreversible prolapse of hemorrhoidal tissue, resulting in incarcerated hemorrhoids, which present as a bleeding lump. For the above conditions, prompt medical consultation is recommended. Appropriate treatment should be determined based on the severity of bleeding and may include dietary adjustments, medication, or surgical intervention.