What causes orchitis and what are its symptoms?

The causes of orchitis are varied, primarily including prolonged pressure (such as sitting for long periods or wearing tight clothing), phimosis (which can easily harbor bacteria), unhygienic or excessive sexual activity (potentially leading to bacterial infection or repeated congestion of the genital organs), and infections in adjacent organs (such as urethritis or cystitis spreading via retrograde infection). Symptoms are typically obvious and may include redness and swelling of the scrotal skin, testicular pain (which may radiate to the ipsilateral groin or lower abdomen), high fever, sexual dysfunction (such as erectile difficulties or premature ejaculation), and scrotal swelling. If any of these symptoms occur, prompt medical attention is recommended, and treatment should be carried out according to a physician's guidance.