What should I do about swollen and painful gums caused by a cold or excessive internal heat?

When gum swelling and pain are caused by a cold or excessive internal heat, the following measures can be taken for relief and treatment: 1. **Medication**: Oral administration of heat-clearing and detoxifying medications, such as *Huanglian Shangqing Pills* or *Niuhuang Jiedu Pills*, can help alleviate symptoms of excessive internal heat. If the gum swelling and pain are severe, antibiotics such as *Amoxicillin Capsules* or *Metronidazole Tablets* may be considered, but must be used under the guidance of a physician. 2. **Dietary Regulation**: Avoid consuming spicy and irritating foods, such as chili peppers and Sichuan peppercorns. Consume more light and easily digestible foods, such as fresh vegetables and fruits, which can help reduce gum swelling and pain. 3. **Lifestyle Habits**: Maintain good oral hygiene by brushing teeth regularly and using mouthwash to prevent oral infections. Ensure regular作息 (作息 should be translated as "rest and activity patterns" or "sleep patterns") and avoid staying up late or overexertion. When gum swelling and pain are caused by a cold or excessive internal heat, a comprehensive approach combining medication, dietary regulation, and lifestyle improvements is recommended for effective relief and treatment. If symptoms persist or worsen, prompt medical consultation is advised.