Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Etiology
Disease description:
One of my students has recently been in poor health. While at school, the child frequently experienced nosebleeds and appeared slightly pale. Later, upon examination, it was discovered that the child has chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). I would like to consult about the causes of chronic myeloid leukemia.
Doctor's answer (1)
Dr. Liu Feng
The exact cause of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has not yet been fully clarified, but research suggests it is closely associated with the following factors:
1. **Genetic factors**: Familial leukemia accounts for approximately 0.7% of all leukemias. Chromosomal abnormalities are closely linked to the development of CML, especially the BCR/ABL fusion gene formed by translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22.
2. **Physical factors**: Long-term exposure to ionizing radiation, such as X-rays and gamma rays, may cause bone marrow suppression and a decline in immune function, thereby increasing the risk of developing the disease.
3. **Chemical factors**: Prolonged exposure to benzene and organic solvents containing benzene, as well as harmful substances such as hair dyes, has also been associated with the development of CML.
4. **Biological factors**: Viral infections and abnormal immune function, particularly in patients with certain autoimmune diseases, may increase the risk of developing CML.
