Can pulp polyps become cancerous?

Pulpal polyps represent a clinical manifestation of chronic proliferative pulpitis, primarily characterized by red, mushroom-shaped granulation tissue present in a large and deep carious cavity of the affected tooth. This type of polyp is classified as inflammatory granulation tissue and generally does not undergo malignant transformation. The formation of pulpal polyps mainly results from a large apical foramen, rich blood supply, and a substantial pulp exposure, which allow the inflamed pulp tissue to hyperplasia into a polypoid shape that protrudes from the pulp chamber. Although pulpal polyps are non-cancerous, if left untreated, they can lead to several complications, including pain, bleeding, poor oral hygiene, and tooth fracture. Pain is a common symptom of pulpal polyps, especially during biting or when acute inflammation occurs. Bleeding occurs because the pulpal polyp consists of granulation tissue rich in blood vessels, which are easily irritated by food and prone to hemorrhage. Therefore, although pulpal polyps are benign, patients should seek timely treatment at a qualified medical facility upon experiencing related symptoms to prevent further progression of the condition.