Hematemesis is generally caused by what disease?

Hematemesis, medically termed as vomiting blood, usually refers to bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract that is expelled through the mouth. This symptom may indicate several underlying diseases, including but not limited to: 1. **Gastrointestinal diseases**: Such as gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. These conditions may involve blood vessels and lead to bleeding. Rupture of esophageal and gastric varices, acute erosive hemorrhagic gastritis, and upper gastrointestinal tract tumors are also common causes. 2. **Esophageal diseases**: For example, esophageal cancer and esophageal ulcers. Frequent vomiting can cause tears in the esophageal mucosa, leading to bleeding. 3. **Liver diseases**: Patients with cirrhosis may develop rupture bleeding of esophageal and gastric varices due to portal hypertension. 4. **Systemic diseases**: Hematologic disorders such as thrombocytopenic purpura and leukemia, as well as systemic conditions like epidemic hemorrhagic fever and systemic lupus erythematosus, can also cause hematemesis. The occurrence of hematemesis should be taken very seriously and requires prompt medical attention.