How is perianal abscess caused?

Perianal abscesses are primarily caused by infections of the anal glands. These are small glands located near the anus that secrete lubricating substances to reduce friction during the passage of stool. When the openings of the anal glands become blocked and secretions cannot drain properly, localized infection and accumulation of pus may occur. This blockage is usually associated with bacterial invasion, most commonly by Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, factors such as difficulty in defecation, constipation, diarrhea, excessive cleaning, and decreased immunity may also increase the risk of developing a perianal abscess. In daily care, it is important to keep the anal area clean and dry, and to avoid prolonged sitting, which helps reduce pressure and moisture around the anus and can prevent such problems. If symptoms such as redness, swelling, pain around the anus, or pus-like discharge occur, medical attention should be sought promptly, as early treatment can reduce complications and discomfort. Doctors may perform an incision and drainage procedure and may also prescribe antibiotics to control the infection.