What diseases can be detected by ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)?

ESR, or erythrocyte sedimentation rate, may indicate the possibility of various diseases but cannot directly confirm any specific disease. Main categories of diseases that ESR can help detect include: 1. Autoimmune diseases: Such as systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis. During active stages of these diseases, ESR is typically significantly elevated. 2. Infectious diseases: Such as bacterial infections, viral infections, and tuberculosis. ESR is often markedly increased, especially in tuberculosis. 3. Malignant tumors: Both solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, such as lung cancer, liver cancer, and leukemia, may lead to elevated ESR. In addition, ESR elevation may also be associated with other pathological conditions such as tissue damage, anemia, and hypercholesterolemia.