What causes bad breath in children?

The causes of bad breath in children are varied and can be mainly summarized as follows: 1. Oral factors: Poor oral hygiene, retention of food debris and soft plaque in the mouth, which ferment and produce odor-causing bacteria; oral diseases such as dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis may also lead to bad breath. 2. Dietary factors: Consumption of strongly flavored foods such as garlic and onions, without timely oral cleaning, may also cause bad breath. 3. Gastrointestinal diseases: Conditions such as indigestion and gastroesophageal reflux, where food remains in the gastrointestinal tract for extended periods, can produce odorous gases that are expelled through the mouth. To address bad breath in children, parents are advised to pay attention to their child's oral hygiene, adjust dietary habits, and seek timely medical evaluation to identify the underlying cause and implement appropriate treatment measures.