What are the common diseases of the endocrine system?

Common endocrine diseases include various conditions, among which diabetes is the most prevalent. Diabetes is characterized by insufficient insulin secretion or an inadequate response of cells to insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. In addition, thyroid diseases are also common endocrine disorders, such as hyperthyroidism (overactivity of the thyroid gland resulting in excessive thyroid hormone production) and hypothyroidism (underactivity of the thyroid gland leading to reduced thyroid hormone production). Other common endocrine diseases include Cushing's syndrome (excessive cortisol secretion caused by adrenal cortical tumors or hyperplasia), osteoporosis (reduced bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture leading to increased bone fragility), and pituitary disorders (such as acromegaly, caused by excessive growth hormone secretion from the pituitary gland). These diseases all involve abnormalities in hormone secretion and regulation within the endocrine system and may affect multiple organs and systems in the body. Therefore, if related symptoms occur, timely medical consultation is necessary, and treatment recommendations from specialist physicians should be followed.